We identified three distinctive OSA phenotypes with particular clinical implications: two predominantly male clusters, differentiated by age, BMI, OSA severity, cardiovascular risk factors and disease, and a third cluster constituted mainly by female participants with moderate OSA, cardiovascular risk factors,and a high prevalence of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and chronic pain. The baseline characteristics of each cluster maintained the same trend over time regarding the incidence of new comorbidities, medication intake, hospitalization rates, and reasons for admission. The absence of CPAP treatment and the cluster sub type were associated with a higher risk of mortality from all causes.
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